A type of malicious software that encrypts files on a device, demanding payment for their release.
Description
Ransomware is a significant threat in the cybersecurity landscape, targeting individuals and organizations to extort money. Once a device is infected, the ransomware encrypts files, making them inaccessible to the user. The attacker then demands a ransom, typically in cryptocurrency, to provide the decryption key needed to restore access to the files. The impact of ransomware can be devastating, leading to data loss, financial loss, and reputational damage. Ransomware attacks can occur through various vectors, including phishing emails, malicious downloads, or unsecured networks. High-profile incidents, such as the Colonial Pipeline attack in 2021, disrupted fuel supplies and highlighted the vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure. Another notable case is the WannaCry attack in 2017, which affected hundreds of thousands of computers globally, exploiting a vulnerability in Microsoft Windows. Given the increasing frequency and sophistication of these attacks, organizations must implement robust cybersecurity measures, such as regular backups, employee training, and incident response plans, to mitigate the risks associated with ransomware.
Examples
- Colonial Pipeline attack (2021) - Led to fuel supply disruptions in the Eastern United States.
- WannaCry ransomware attack (2017) - Infected over 200,000 computers across 150 countries.
Additional Information
- Ransomware can be categorized into several types, including locker ransomware and crypto ransomware.
- Regular software updates and security patches can help protect against ransomware infections.