An incident where unauthorized access is gained to sensitive data or systems.
Description
A security breach occurs when an individual or group gains unauthorized access to a computer system, network, or database, compromising the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of sensitive information. These breaches can happen due to various reasons, including cyber attacks, human error, or insider threats. The consequences of a security breach can be severe, leading to data theft, financial loss, and damage to an organization's reputation. For instance, the Equifax breach in 2017 exposed the personal information of approximately 147 million people, including Social Security numbers and credit card details. This incident highlighted the critical need for robust cybersecurity measures. Organizations often respond to breaches by notifying affected individuals, conducting investigations, and implementing stronger security protocols to prevent future incidents. Cybersecurity measures such as firewalls, encryption, and multi-factor authentication play a crucial role in protecting against breaches.
Examples
- The Target data breach in 2013, where hackers accessed credit and debit card information of 40 million customers.
- The Yahoo data breach, which affected all 3 billion user accounts in 2013 and was disclosed in 2016.
Additional Information
- Regular security audits and employee training can significantly reduce the risk of security breaches.
- Compliance with regulations like GDPR and HIPAA is essential for protecting sensitive data and avoiding legal penalties.